Operating System perform two basically unrelated functions , extending the machine and managing resources -
1. The Operating System as an Extended Machine - The function of Operating System is to present the user with the equivalent of an extended machine or virtual machine that is easier to program than the underlying hardware .
2. The Operating System as a Resource Manager - Internally an operating system acts as a manager of resources of the computer system such as processor , memory , files and I/O devices . In this role , the operating system keeps track of the status of each resource , and decides who gets a resource , for how long , and when .
In systems that support concurrent execution of programs , the operating system resolves conflicting requests for resources in a manner that preserves system integrity , and in so doing attempts to optimize the resulting performance .
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