A Noun is a word used as the name of a person , place or thing .
Look at the following sentence :-
........ Asoka was a wise king .
The noun Asoka refers to a particular king , but the noun king might be applied to any king as well as to Asoka .We call Asoka a 'Proper Noun' , and king a 'Common Noun' .
Similarly:-
Sita is a Proper Noun , while girl is a Common Noun .
Hari is a Proper Noun , while boy is a Common Noun .
The word girl is a Common Noun because it is a name common to all the girls , while Sita is a Proper Noun because it is a name of a particular girl .
A Common Noun is a name given in common to every person or thing of same class or kind. Common here means shared by all .
A Proper Noun is a name of some particular person or place .
Note - Proper Noun are always written with a capital letter at the beginning .
Note - Proper Noun are sometimes used as Common Nouns ; as ,
......... He was the Lukman ( = the wisest man ) of his age .
......... Kalidas is often called the Shakespeare ( = the greatest dramatist ) of India .
Common Nouns include what are called Collective Nouns and Abstract Nouns .
A Collective Noun is the name of a number ( or collection ) of persons or thing taken together and spoken of as one whole ; as ,
Crowd , mob , team , flock , herd , army , fleet , jury , family etc.
............... The police dispersed the crowd .
........ The French army was defeated at Waterloo .
An Abstract Noun is usually the name of a quality , action or state considered apart from the object to which it belongs ; as ,
Quality :- Goodness , kindness , darkness , brightness , honesty , wisdom , bravery .
Action :- Laughter , theft , movement , judgement , hatred .
State :- Childhood , boyhood , youth , slavery , sleep , sickness , poverty .
Abstract Nouns are formed -
(1) From Adjectives ; as ,.... Kindness from kind ; honesty from honest .
(2) From Verbs ; as ,.... Obedience from obey ; growth from grow .
(3) From Common Nouns ; as ,.... Childhood from child ; slavery from slave .
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