10. Kinds Of Adjectives .

Adjectives may be divided into the following classes :-

Adjectives of Quality (or Descriptive Adjective) show the kind or quality of a person or thing ; as,

...... Calcutta is a large city .
...... He is an honest man .
...... The foolish old crow tried to sing .

Adjectives of Quantity show how much of a thing is meant ; as ,

..... I ate some rice .
..... He showed much patience .
..... He has little intelligence .
..... We have had enough exercise .
..... He has lost all his wealth .

Adjectives of Number show how many persons or things are meant or in what order a person or thing stands ;as,

.... The hand has five fingers .
.... Few cats like cold water .
.... There are no pictures in this book .
.... All men must die .

Adjectives of number are of three kinds :-

1. Definite Numeral Adjectives , which denote an exact number ; as ,

.... One , two , three etc these are called Cardinals , because it denotes how many .

..... First , second , third etc these are called Ordinals , it denotes the order of things in series.

2. Indefinite Numeral Adjectives , which do not denote an exact number ; as ,

.... All , many , few , some , any ,certain etc.....

3. Distributive Numeral Adjectives , which refers to each one of a number ; as ,

Each boy must take his turn.
Every word of it is false.

The same adjective may be classed as of Quantity or Number , according to its use.
Adjectives of Quantity :-
(i) I ate some rice.
(ii) He has lost all his wealth.
(iii) You have no sense .

Adjectives of Number :-
(i) Some boys are clever.
(ii) All men must die.
(iii) There are no pictures in this book.

Demonstrative Adjectives point out which person or thing is meant; as ,
(i) This boy is stronger than Hari.
(ii) That boy is industrious.
(iii) These mangoes are sour.

What , which and whose when they are used with nouns to ask questions are called Interrogative Adjectives ; as ,
(i) What manner of man is he ?
(ii) Which way shall we go ?
(iii) Whose book is this ?

In the following sentences the words own and very are used as Emphasizing Adjectives :-
(i) I saw it with my own eyes .
(ii) He was beaten at his own game .
(iii) Mind your own business .

The word what is sometimes used as an Exclamatory Adjective ;as,
(i) What genius !
(ii) What folly !
(iii) What an idea !

Formation Of Adjectives
(1) Many Adjectives are formed from Nouns.

Nouns ------------------ Adjectives

Boy --------------------- boyish
Fool --------------------- foolish
Care --------------------- careful
Play --------------------- playful
Gold --------------------- golden
Dirt ---------------------- dirty
Laugh -------------------- laughable
King --------------------- Kingly
Gift ---------------------- gifted

(ii) Some Adjectives are formed Verbs .

Verb -------------------- Adjectives

Tire --------------------- tireless
Talk --------------------- talkative
cease --------------------- ceaseless
Move -------------------- moveable

(iii) Some Adjectives are formed from other Adjectives .

Adjective ----------------- Adjective

Tragic ---------------------- tragical
Whole -------------------- wholesome
Three -------------------- threefold
Black --------------------- blackish